Saving coral reefs: Experts advocate for global and local strategies

SHAH ALAM - Coral reefs, vibrant undersea ecosystems that support countless marine species, are increasingly at risk from coral bleaching.

This phenomenon, driven by rising sea temperatures and other stressors, threatens to decimate these vital habitats.

To combat this growing crisis, a multifaceted approach is essential, incorporating both local and global strategies aimed at preserving coral reefs and enhancing their resilience.

According to Reef Check Malaysia marine biologist and programme coordinator Alvin Chelliah, addressing the root cause of climate change by cutting carbon emissions can significantly lower ocean temperatures and reduce the frequency of bleaching events.

“Creating marine protected areas helps conserve healthy coral reefs, allowing them to better withstand bleaching stresses.

"Local efforts to limit pollution runoff, adopt sustainable fishing practices, and promote community-based reef protection are also critical,” he told Sinar Daily when contacted recently.

On a broader scale, Chelliah emphasised the importance of international cooperation to enforce sustainable industry practices and expand marine protected areas for a global impact.

Tailoring these strategies to local and global needs is key to safeguarding coral reefs for future generations.

In addition, Chelliah highlighted several strategies for preserving coral reefs and boosting their resilience:

Reduce Greenhouse Gas Emissions

Addressing climate change is essential to preventing coral bleaching.

Greenhouse gases, such as carbon dioxide, trap heat in the atmosphere, leading to global warming and warmer ocean temperatures.

By reducing emissions, we can slow global warming and mitigate stress on coral reefs caused by elevated water temperatures.

Lowering carbon dioxide levels helps combat ocean acidification, which affects corals’ ability to build their calcium carbonate skeletons and maintain structural integrity.

Reduce Carbon Footprint

Individuals can help conserve coral reefs by cutting their carbon footprint.

This can be achieved by using energy-efficient appliances, opting for public transportation or carpooling, biking or walking, and supporting renewable energy sources.

Conserve and Dispose of Waste Properly

Conserving water reduces runoff and wastewater that can carry pollutants harmful to coral reefs.

Fixing leaks, using water-saving fixtures, and being mindful of water usage help lessen the impact on marine environments.

Proper disposal of garbage, plastics, and hazardous materials is also essential to prevent them from entering the ocean and damaging coral reefs.

Recycling and reducing plastic use can significantly lessen marine pollution.

Support Sustainable Seafood

Choosing sustainably sourced seafood helps protect marine ecosystems and supports responsible fishing practices.

Look for certifications and labels that indicate sustainable harvesting methods.

Practice Responsible Tourism

When visiting coastal areas and coral reef ecosystems, follow responsible tourism practices.

Use reef-safe sunscreen, avoid touching or disturbing marine life, and respect local regulations to minimise your impact on these sensitive environments.

Educate and Advocate

Educating yourself and others about the importance of coral reefs and the threats they face can drive conservation efforts.

Share knowledge and advocate for policies and practices that protect coral ecosystems to raise awareness and promote action.

“By making small changes in daily habits and advocating for coral reef conservation, individuals can contribute to the protection of these vital ecosystems for future generations,” Chelliah said.