The cultural stigma around seeking medical help has resulted in many cases of prostate and testicular cancer in Malaysia being diagnosed at advanced stages.
Health experts stress the need for open conversations and proactive health measures to combat this trend and improve outcomes.
Universiti Malaya (UM) Urologist Dr Ahmad Nazran Fadzli said that many men in Malaysia delay seeking medical attention, particularly for testicular cancer, due to discomfort in discussing health issues with others.
"Unfortunately, in Malaysia, testicular cancer patients tend to come to doctors in advanced stages. Most of them are not really keen to talk to other men about health, as opposed to women.
"We don't normally talk to our fathers about these matters either, which creates a gap," he said in a podcast with Sinar Daily.
Dr Nazran said that late diagnoses are often influenced by age and existing health conditions. He also noted that for some in the Malay population, the fear of incontinence, which can interfere with performing prayers, is also a significant deterrent.
"Most patients are in their 60s or 70s and may have other medical problems. One of the factors discouraging surgery is the risk of anesthesia, bleeding, or injury to other organs.
"The other reason patients will turn off, particularly in the Malay population is the incontinence, because you want to perform prayers," he said.
Despite these challenges, Dr Nazran provided some hope for testicular cancer patients saying that there's still a chance for a cure.
"The good thing about testicular cancer is that even at later stages, there’s still a chance for a cure because it can be sensitive to treatment," he said.
DEBUNKING MYTHS
Addressing a common myth, Dr Nazran said while myths surrounding testicular cancer are minimal, misconceptions about prostate cancer remain prevalent.
"One common myth is that frequent ejaculation prevents prostate cancer. It's true the study was done, I'm not denying that but there are other studies to say otherwise," he said.
While studies have explored this, Dr Nazran said their reliability is questionable since these studies rely on men recalling habits from decades ago, which can be prone to exaggeration.
"I am not sure about the accuracy, however, I would recommend a normal and healthy lifestyle but I cannot condone frequent ejaculation per se until we've got further evidence to support that," he said.
Another belief that cycling increases the risk of prostate cancer is a common concern, largely due to the pressure exerted by bike seats on the perineal area.
Dr Nazran also dismissed the concerns about prostate cancer risks linked to cycling saying that there is no scientific evidence to support the statement.
"Since the pandemic, more people are cycling, and there’s a belief that the bike seat can increase prostate cancer risk. However, there’s no scientific evidence to support this claim," he clarified.
ENCOURAGING CONVERSATIONS ABOUT MEN'S HEALTH
Encouraging conversations about men's health is crucial, especially since men are generally less open about their health concerns compared to women, who tend to be more active and outspoken in addressing such issues.
Societal norms often discourage men from discussing sensitive topics, leading to delays in seeking medical attention.
However, Dr Nazran said efforts are underway to normalise discussions about men’s health.
"For years, we've held health awareness events and campaigns in collaboration with the Health Ministry and universities. Social media is a powerful tool to spread awareness, but it’s essential to verify information from reliable sources," he said.
He urged men to seek information from trusted resources like the National Cancer Society Malaysia or the Prostate Cancer Society Malaysia.
"These organisations, especially the Prostate Cancer Society led by survivors, are very approachable and provide excellent support," he added.
He also urged families especially spouses to be a strong support as it can make a significant difference to the patient.
"Sometimes men are reluctant to seek medical help. Wives can play a vital role in encouraging them to do so. A strong support system makes a significant difference,” he said.
Dr Nazran said men’s health, particularly regarding prostate and testicular cancer, requires a proactive and informed approach.
The message is clear: early detection and open discussions about men’s health are vital.
With increased awareness and support, Malaysia can combat the cultural reluctance that currently leads to late-stage cancer diagnoses.